Influence of Energy Beverages on the Surface Texture of Glass lonomer Restorative Materials

Background and objective: The objective of the study was to find whether energy beverages have an erosive effect, leading to a risk in the clinical performance of glass ionomer restorative materials.

Aim: This study evaluated the influence of energy beverages on the surface texture of glass ionomer restorative materials.

Materials and methods: Glass ionomer materials used were Ionofil Plus AC, GC EQUIA, and Ketac Molar; energy beverages are Code Red, Red Bull, and Power Horse. Specimens prepared were discs of 8 mm diameter and 3 mm thickness; specimens from each material were evaluated following aging with Code Red, Red Bull, and Power Horse energy beverages. Distilled water was used as a control. The surface roughness (Ra) was assessed by surface scanning interferometry. The surface roughness values (ΔRa and Ra) were measured for each specimen. The data were analyzed statistically using multiple repeated measures [analysis of variance (ANOVA)] and paired data t-test (p < 0.05 was considered as the significance level).

Results: The surface roughness (ΔRa and Ra) values before and after aging using Code Red, Red Bull, and Power Horse energy beverages differ significantly for all the materials regardless of the immersion time (p < 0.05). All the materials showed roughness changes after immersion periods of 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that all energy beverage solutions used in this study had an adverse effect on the surface roughness degradation of the tested glass ionomers with increasing immersion time.

Clinical significance: Energy beverages have an erosive effect on glass ionomer, which influences the clinical importance of the material; it also has anticarious property because it releases the fluoride.